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Confucius
Founder of Confucian Wisdom : Confucius, known as Kongzi, established Confucianism, a philosophical and ethical system emphasizing moral virtue, social harmony, and filial piety, shaping Chinese culture and governance through teachings like the Analects.
PeopleConfucius
Confucius advocates the moral cultivation of those who exercise power. By teaching that rulers govern legitimately only through virtue, ritual restraint, and reciprocal obligation, he advanced a durable insight: order is most free when power is disciplined by character rather than enforced by fear. The virtue of the ruler is the most powerful check on the abuse of power.
PeopleLaoTzu
Founder of Taoism : Established a profound philosophical and spiritual tradition centered on the Tao (the Way), advocating harmony with nature and simplicity.
PeopleMencius
Mencius, also known as Mengzi or Meng-tzu, was one of the influential Chinese Confucian philosophers who lived during the Warring States period. He is considered one of the most important Confucian thinkers after Confucius himself (often referred to as the Second Sage). Mencius was born in the state of Zou (now known as Shandong Province) in 371 BCE and is believed to have died around 289 BCE. Little is known about h
PeopleShih Ching
The Shih Ching (also known as the Book of Songs , Classic of Poetry , or Book of Odes ) is the oldest existing collection of Chinese poetry, dating from approximately the 11th to 7th centuries BCE. Traditionally attributed to Confucius, who is said to have selected and edited the poems, it is one of the “Five Classics” of ancient Chinese literature. The historical document contains 305 poems encompassing folk songs,